Why Your Solar Isn't Keeping Up — A Troubleshooting Guide

Why Your Solar Isn't Keeping Up — A Troubleshooting Guide

Solar that "isn't working" almost always turns out to be one of a handful of common causes. Here's how to work through them in the right order — from the things to check first (free, fast) to the things to check last (might need a tech).

First — Define the Problem

Before you start chasing, get clear on what's actually happening. Which of these is closest to your situation?

  • A. Solar showing 0 amps in even though it's sunny outside
  • B. Solar showing some amps, but way less than expected
  • C. Battery isn't reaching full each day, even though solar looks normal
  • D. Battery drains overnight much faster than expected

The cause and the fix are different for each. Let's go through them.

Scenario A — Solar Shows 0 Amps in Full Sun

Most common causes, in likelihood order:

1. Shading

The most underestimated cause. A small branch shadow across any part of any panel can collapse output to near-zero. Walk around the van and look up. If anything is over the roof, move the van or trim the obstruction.

2. Battery Is Already Full

If the battery is at 100% (or very close), the regulator stops pulling from the panels — there's nowhere for the energy to go. Check SOC on your monitor. Solar will resume when you start drawing again.

3. Roof Connection Issue

Less common but possible — a roof junction or connection has come loose. If everything else looks fine and you're still at 0A, contact your nearest Mars branch.

4. Regulator Issue

The MPPT/PWM controller may have an error state, blown fuse, or wiring issue. Check the regulator display (if accessible) for fault codes. Don't try to fix the wiring yourself — log a ticket.

Scenario B — Solar Showing Low Amps

If you're seeing some current but not what you expected:

1. Dirty Panels

Dust, sap, bird droppings, pollen, salt — all reduce output significantly. A quick wipe-down with water and a soft cloth often restores 20–40% of "lost" output. Do this whenever the panels look anything less than clean.

2. Partial Shading

Even partial shading — a TV antenna, satellite dish, awning support, rooftop vent — across one cell drops output across the whole panel disproportionately. Walk around the van mid-morning and check for shadows hitting any part of the roof array.

3. Time of Day

Peak production is roughly 10am to 3pm. Early morning and late afternoon, even in full sun, produces a fraction of midday output. If you're checking output at 8am or 5pm, low numbers are normal.

4. Sun Angle

Fixed roof panels are designed for the sun being overhead. In winter (especially southern states), the sun sits lower and the geometry is less favourable — expect 40–60% of summer output.

5. High Panel Temperature

Counter-intuitive but real — panels lose efficiency as they get hot. A panel at 60°C produces 10–15% less than the same panel at 25°C. Hot day, full sun, exposed roof = somewhat less output than you'd expect from the sunshine alone.

6. Overcast / Cloud

Heavy cloud knocks output down to 15–30% of rated. Thin overcast is less brutal — 50–70%.

Scenario C — Battery Won't Reach Full

Solar looks normal during the day, but you're not getting to 100% by sunset.

1. Consumption Exceeds Production

The most common cause. Run the maths:

  • What's your average solar production per day? (Check your monitor's totals.)
  • What's your daily consumption?

If consumption ≥ production, the battery never catches up. Reduce consumption (turn the inverter off when not used, run the fridge cooler, etc.) or increase production (portable panel, move out of shade).

2. Multiple Cloudy Days Compounding

One cloudy day means a partial top-up. Three cloudy days in a row and you've fallen well behind. Once consumption normalises with sunny days, the battery recovers — but it takes time.

3. Fridge in Hot Weather

Fridges work much harder in 35°C ambient than in 20°C ambient. The same fridge can double its daily energy use in hot weather. If your battery is keeping up in spring but struggling in summer, this is often why.

4. Lithium "Float" Behaviour Confusion

LiFePO4 batteries don't sit at exactly 100% the way an AGM might. The regulator may show SOC at 99% or 98% and stop charging — that's normal, not a fault. The battery is effectively full.

Scenario D — Battery Drains Faster Overnight Than Expected

1. Inverter Left On

The most common reason. An inverter switched on but with no load still draws 1–2A continuously — over 8 hours overnight that's 8–16Ah lost. Always switch the inverter off at night unless you're running something through it.

2. Fridge

The fridge cycles regardless of day or night. In hot weather it's the dominant overnight load. If you've turned the fridge temperature down (colder), it'll run more.

3. Heater Fan

Diesel heaters use very little 12V (just the fan), but it's continuous when running. On a cold night, the heater fan can pull 1–2A all night.

4. Phantom Loads

Phone chargers, satellite/4G boosters, USB ports with stuff plugged in, BMS standby — small loads add up. Audit what's actually drawing current overnight by switching things off one at a time and checking the monitor.

The Diagnostic Order

If you're not sure where the problem is, work through in this order — quickest checks first:

  1. Walk around the van — any shade hitting the roof?
  2. Look at the panels — dirty?
  3. Check the time of day — too early/late for good production?
  4. Check SOC — is the battery just already full?
  5. Check the inverter — is it on with nothing connected?
  6. Compare daily totals on the monitor — production vs consumption.
  7. If none of the above: lodge a ticket with photos of your monitor showing the issue, your panel array, and any error codes from the regulator.

What to Include in a Ticket

  • Van model and VIN
  • Photo of your battery monitor showing SOC, amps in, amps out
  • Photo of the regulator (if accessible) showing any fault codes
  • Conditions: time of day, weather, where you are (shaded site? open?)
  • What's running at the time
  • What you've already checked

Quick Wins Most Owners Miss

  • Clean the panels at the start of every trip.
  • Choose campsites with open sky over the roof if solar matters to you.
  • Switch the inverter off overnight.
  • Set the fridge temperature appropriately (colder than -3°C in the freezer is rarely needed and burns power).
  • Carry a portable solar blanket as backup for shaded sites.

Related: How Your Mars Solar System Works· Adding a Portable Panel· Battery Basics